What Is Infeccion Por Levaduras? Treatment Options

Infección por levaduras, also known as candidiasis, is a type of fungal infection caused by an overgrowth of yeast-like fungi, primarily Candida albicans. This microorganism is commonly found on the skin and mucous membranes, and under normal circumstances, it coexists with other microorganisms without causing harm. However, when the balance of the microbiota is disrupted, Candida can overgrow, leading to infection.

The most common areas affected by infección por levaduras include the vagina, mouth (oral thrush), skin folds, and nails. The symptoms of infección por levaduras can vary depending on the location and severity of the infection but often include redness, itching, burning sensations, and a white, cheesy discharge in the case of vaginal infections.

Several factors can contribute to the development of infección por levaduras, including:

• Antibiotic use: Broad-spectrum antibiotics can kill off beneficial bacteria, allowing Candida to overgrow.
• Weakened immune system: Individuals with compromised immune systems, such as those with HIV/AIDS or undergoing chemotherapy, are more susceptible to fungal infections.
• Diabetes: High blood sugar levels can promote the growth of Candida.
• Hormonal changes: Pregnancy, menstruation, and the use of oral contraceptives can alter the hormonal balance, increasing the risk of Candida overgrowth.
• Poor hygiene and tight clothing: Trapping moisture can create an ideal environment for Candida to grow.

Treatment Options

Treatment for infección por levaduras depends on the location and severity of the infection. Here are some common approaches:

1. Vaginal Yeast Infections

• Antifungal medications: Available in the form of suppositories, creams, or tablets, these are inserted into the vagina to directly target the infection. Examples include clotrimazole, miconazole, and terconazole.
• Oral fluconazole: For more severe cases, a single dose of fluconazole (Diflucan) may be prescribed.

2. Oral Thrush

• Antifungal mouthwashes or lozenges: Containing ingredients like nystatin or clotrimazole, these are used to swish around the mouth before swallowing.
• Oral fluconazole: May be prescribed for more severe infections.

3. Skin Infections

• Topical antifungal creams or ointments: Applied directly to the affected area, products containing ingredients like clotrimazole, terbinafine, or miconazole can help clear the infection.
• Oral antifungals: For widespread or severe infections, oral antifungal medications like fluconazole or itraconazole may be necessary.

4. Nail Infections

• Oral antifungal medications: Drugs like terbinafine (Lamisil) or itraconazole (Sporanox) are typically used for fungal infections of the fingernails or toenails.
• Topical treatments: For mild cases, or in combination with oral medications, creams or lacquers containing antifungal agents may be applied directly to the nail.

Prevention

Preventing infección por levaduras involves maintaining good hygiene, avoiding excessive use of antibiotics, managing diabetes, wearing breathable clothing, and practicing good hygiene during menstruation. For those prone to recurrent infections, probiotics and dietary changes to reduce sugar intake may also be beneficial.

Conclusion

Infección por levaduras, or candidiasis, is a common fungal infection that can be effectively treated with antifungal medications. Understanding the causes and taking preventive measures can reduce the risk of infection. For individuals experiencing symptoms, consulting a healthcare professional for proper diagnosis and treatment is essential to prevent complications and promote recovery.