Shoulder Subluxation Physio: Regain Strength And Mobility

The shoulder is one of the most complex and versatile joints in the human body, providing a wide range of motion that enables us to perform various daily activities. However, this complexity also makes it prone to injuries, such as shoulder subluxation. A shoulder subluxation occurs when the humerus (upper arm bone) partially dislocates from the glenohumeral joint, causing pain, instability, and limited mobility. Physiotherapy plays a vital role in the rehabilitation process, helping individuals regain strength, mobility, and function in their shoulder.

Understanding Shoulder Subluxation

A shoulder subluxation can result from various factors, including traumatic injuries, repetitive strain, or underlying conditions such as shoulder instability or labral tears. The severity of the subluxation can vary, ranging from a mild partial dislocation to a more severe injury that requires immediate medical attention. Symptoms may include pain, swelling, bruising, and a feeling of instability or loose ness in the shoulder joint.

Physiotherapy Goals and Objectives

The primary objectives of physiotherapy for shoulder subluxation are to:

1. Reduce pain and inflammation: Using modalities such as heat, cold, or electrical stimulation to manage pain and inflammation.
2. Improve shoulder mobility: Gradually increasing range of motion through exercises and stretches to restore normal movement patterns.
3. Enhance strength and stability: Strengthening the surrounding muscles, particularly the rotator cuff, to provide stability and support to the joint.
4. Promote functional activities: Progressively introducing daily activities and exercises that mimic real-life movements to improve functional ability.

Phase 1: Acute Phase (0-2 weeks)

During the acute phase, the focus is on reducing pain and inflammation, and protecting the injured joint. Physiotherapy may involve:

• Pain management: Using modalities such as ice, heat, or electrical stimulation to reduce pain and inflammation.
• Shoulder immobilization: Using a sling or shoulder immobilizer to protect the joint and prevent further injury.
• Gentle exercises: Performing gentle exercises, such as pendulum movements, to maintain range of motion without exacerbating the injury.

Phase 2: Subacute Phase (2-6 weeks)

As the acute symptoms subside, the focus shifts to improving mobility and strength. Physiotherapy may include:

• Range of motion exercises: Gradually increasing range of motion through exercises such as shoulder flexion, abduction, and rotation.
• Strengthening exercises: Introducing strengthening exercises, such as isometric contractions, to target the rotator cuff and scapular stabilizers.
• Proprioception and balance exercises: Incorporating exercises that challenge proprioception and balance, such as single-arm balances or throwing activities.

Phase 3: Strengthening and Functional Phase (6-12 weeks)

In the final phase, the focus is on enhancing strength, power, and functional ability. Physiotherapy may involve:

• Progressive resistance exercises: Introducing progressive resistance exercises, such as resistance band or weight training, to strengthen the shoulder muscles.
• Plyometric and agility exercises: Incorporating plyometric and agility exercises, such as jump squats or shuttle runs, to improve power and speed.
• Functional activities: Gradually introducing functional activities, such as throwing, overhead reaching, or lifting, to simulate real-life movements.

FAQ Section

Conclusion

Shoulder subluxation can be a debilitating injury, but with the right physiotherapy approach, individuals can regain strength, mobility, and function in their shoulder. By understanding the goals and objectives of physiotherapy, and progressing through the different phases of rehabilitation, individuals can optimize their recovery and reduce the risk of future injuries. Remember to consult with a qualified physiotherapist to create a personalized treatment plan and promote optimal recovery.